Heated Water Turns Into Steam at 100c but Condenses Again at High Pressure
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Water is converted into steam at 100 deg. centigrade. Than how does h2o from water bodies evaporate to form clouds when temperature on globe doesn't cross even 50 deg. centigrade?
K.Vishwanath, Bangalore, Republic of india
- I'k no physicist, but I'm pretty sure that water does non always have to be heated to its humid bespeak and turned to steam at 100ºC, in order for information technology to evaporate at all, into the atmosphere. Remember how a puddle of water from a summer pelting shower apace evaporates and disappears (as the h2o is taken dorsum into the atmosphere) once the Sun comes out over again. Certain, if information technology was all turned to steam by being heated every bit high as 100ºC, and then that would merely hateful that it would happen very much more rapidly - natural evaporation (as part of "The Water Cycle") is simply a slower process, at lower temperatures. On a colder day the puddle would take longer to evaporate, as less estrus from the Sun (which drives "The Water Bicycle") would mean there was less molecular agitation (which facilitates the evaporation process) going on? Cheque out "The Water Cycle" on Wikipedia. Hopefully someone else can at present delight take over to explicate the lower temperature evaporation/molecular exchange processes etc a chip more scientifically than I could manage..?!
W Boddy, Cambridge, UK
- It'due south chosen "Brownian Motility". It means that the random jostling-about of h2o molecules in a trunk of water that's, say, 20 degrees, is just that; random. There's a spread of speed. If you could measure the speed of every molecule at i instant in time, som would be stationary (accented zero), but others would be temporarily at humid point. If they happen to "eddy" while they are at the surface, they leave the surface, i.e. evaporate. That's why a puddle of water volition evaporate much faster than the same quantity in a bottle at the same temperature - less expanse to escape from.
Paul Wright, Rochford
- As I understand it the molecules in water move around as long as it is liquid. Those with the greatest energy near the surface tin actually leave the water. Any air current would remove the fast moving molecule. The just significance of 100C is that it is the temperature that water exists equally a vapour.
Graham Crutchley, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Water turns into vapour at whatever temperature - it has a 'vapour pressure'. Indeed information technology does and then even when it is ice, frozen washing really slowly 'dries' on sub-zero windy days, and foods can exist 'freeze dried'. The significance of 100C is that at this temperature the vapour pressure is equal to atmospheric pressure, and bubbles of vapour grade in the liquid, rise and burst - humid. Go up a mountain and it boils below 100C, because the pressure is lower - and it takes ages to melt things! So 100C has nonsignificance to weather condition; water vapour forms at any temperature, broadly by mechanisms described past others, fast molecules escaping from the surface.
Harvey Rutt, Southampton, United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland
- The motion of molecules in any liquid is not uniform and is represented in something chosen a Maxwell-Boltzman Distribution Bend. At any temperature there volition be a large range of energies from just to a higher place absolute zero (never actually absolute zilch) to very loftier. those particles with high energy proceeds it from taking energy from those around them (oversimplification) and will overcome the latent energy of vaporisation and evaporate, even at very depression temperatures. This is why you go colder when moisture, since the free energy needed to evaporate is partly taken from your peel.
Stuart Sanders, London England
- When you sweat, information technology evaporates to air without humid. Sweat on your skin collects oestrus, chosen latent heat, from your body, and changes from liquid to gaseous land. The latent oestrus the sweat collects, 580 cal/gm of sweat, at the normal skin temperature (540 calories/gm of water at the boiling point), quite a large corporeality of heat or calories from your body and turns directly into vapor, so you experience cool when sweat evaporation. Similar is the case of water from water bodies, water collects that extra amount of heat from water bodies and environment and turns into vapor, cooling the surrounding atmosphere.
Jamil, Dhaka, People's republic of bangladesh
- Short answer: they are non clouds of steam, just clouds of h2o droplets, so no trouble. Hasn't the questioner fifty-fifty been in a fog on a cold day, peculiarly on summit of a mountain (which is in a cloud)?
Roger Moreton, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Anybody so far has forgotten to mention that water at ground level boils at 100 degrees Celsius, however as the temprature & pressure decreases with height to a higher place sea level to the boiling point of water also changes. Clouds are formed when warm moist air rises and cools, the result is that the water then condenses to form h2o aerosol - a deject.
Chris, Brigton Britain
Source: https://www.theguardian.com/notesandqueries/query/0,,-202364,00.html
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